Fleet 13 report on Balboa Bay racing, including Art Prager's victory and presentation of a new trophy in honor of Queen Elizabeth's Coronation. Includes details of a memorial day race to Cameron Cove with multiple Thistle fleet participants.
District & Regional Championships
Pacific & Western Districts
District championship reports from the Pacific Northwest and California/Pacific Coast regions.
258 articles · 1946–2026
At an elevation of 6998 feet above sea level in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, Leroy Lenhart won the High Sierra Series regatta, the world's highest organized sailboat race series. Boats traveled from as far away as San Diego to compete in this unique event at Lake Millerton near Fresno.
John Daniell of Balboa, California won the District Championship. Art Prager won the Fleet 19 summer series with Leroy Lenhart and Jean DuPaul placing second and third, and Prager also won the Labor Day series.
Jack Howard confirms the High Sierra Series dates as July 24-25, held at Huntington Lake in the Sierra Nevada Mountains at 7000 feet elevation. Readers encouraged to request circular for details on this scenic venue.
Report on the California District's fall championship series held at Coronado Yacht Club in November, with detailed race results and commentary on wind conditions and sailing challenges.
Dick Deaver won the Southern California Yachting Association's Annual Mid-winter Regatta held at Los Angeles on February 19. Earl Simon took second and Neal Allen third among eight Thistles competing in conditions with winds averaging over twenty miles per hour.
Report of the Second Annual High Sierra Series held at Huntington Lake in California in July. Earl Gilman Jr. won the competition with excellent performances across three races in breezes over 15 mph.
Report on the July 28-29 California District Championships at Balboa Yacht Club with 68 fleet entries. Details three races with changing wind conditions and results, including winner Neal Allen.
The third Annual High Sierra Series was held on beautiful Lake Huntington July 21-22, 1956, organized by the Lake Millerton Sailing Association Thistle fleet. The event featured three races with shifting winds and grew from the original 5-boat invitational to 19 boats representing 6 fleets throughout California. Fresno's Bob Canfield won overall.
Race results from the High Sierra Series held July 20-21, 1957, showing 31 boats from California and surrounding regions competing in three races.
Feature article about Gene Bricker's victory in the High Sierra Series held July 20-21, 1957 in Fresno. Bricker swept all three races, with Art Glazier finishing second and Dick Wittner third. The article describes the exceptional feat of winning all three races and highlights the competition among other skippers.
Results from the California District Fall Championships held in November at the Sixth Annual Fall Championship series in San Diego, featuring 16 Thistles from Fresno Fleet 56, Balboa Fleet 68, and other fleets.
Continued narrative account of the California District Fall Championships, covering race conditions, wind patterns, and individual skipper performances throughout the event.
Race report from the Coronado Yacht Club's Thistle Fall Championships held November 2-3, featuring multiple boats competing in warm California sailing conditions with Bill Bruch taking first place honors.
Comprehensive account of the fifth annual High Sierra Thistle Series held at Huntington Lake, California, July 19-20, 1958, with 28 Thistles participating from fleets throughout California. Frank Marshall won the '58 Skipper series with good wind conditions prevailing.
The 1959 Summer Invitational regatta at Palo Alto resulted in Bill Nexsen winning first place, Ken Eugene second, and Eric Petersen third in the competitive California sailing event.
The sixth annual High Sierra series held at Huntington Lake in July featured 33 Thistles from fleets across California, with Art Glasier winning the championship amid unique conditions including fiberglass boats and aluminum masts.
Warwick Tompkins won the Northern California District championship at the Fresno Yacht Club despite light and challenging winds, using strategic sailing techniques to capture the title.
Winners of the Southern California District championships are announced, with Tracy Holmes as the new champion, Art Glasier in second place, and Gene Allen in third.
Charlie Althaus reports from Northern California on the recent National Championships. He discusses the organizational aspects of regatta management and notes the challenges of racing in California compared to other venues. The article highlights the unique character of West Coast Thistle racing and emphasizes the importance of good starts and understanding tactics.
Information about the 1961 TCA Pacific Coast Championship at Huntington Lake, California, at 7,000 feet elevation, the highest site for a Thistle regatta. Event is scheduled for July 15-16 during the High Sierra Series.
West Coast Thistles are looking forward to the TCA Pacific Coast Championship to be held at Huntington Lake, California for the first time. The event features high elevation and scheduled races, with vacation opportunities and camping available.
Tommy Shock (1307) of Newport Harbor Yacht Club won the first Pacific Coast Championship, held at Huntington Lake, California in July. His two blue chevrons and covered trophy were awarded for taking first place in the three-race competition.
Report on the Pacific Coast Championship held at Newport Harbor Y.C. in July 1961, where the Shock was awarded three consecutive trophies. The event included racing in the High Sierra Series hosted by the Troop Y.C.
Gill Smith (809) sailing at Folsom Lake won the 1961 Northern California District Championship with a three-race victory. The competition was held as part of the June 24-25 event and featured a four-race series.
Regatta report for the Northern California District Championship held at Folsom Lake in June 1961, where Kibbie No. 1 took first place. Gil Smith (809) won first place in the event.
Lightweight Bill Nexsen of Leatherips fame won at the Palo Alto regatta with strategic sailing, placing competitors through tactical moves. The race featured light winds under 20 knots and multiple competitive finishers.
Report of the 1962 Northern California District Championship held June 16-17 at Clear Lake where Ken Eugene won decisively over 21 skippers from Sacramento and San Francisco areas. The report details Eugene's sailing strategy and the challenging conditions that tested the fleet.
The 1962 Northern California District Thistle Championship held at Clear Lake featured 21 skippers in ideal sailing conditions. The weather was typically California—warm and sunny with light winds that created ideal sailing conditions. Ken Eugene took the championship with strong scoring throughout the series.
Allen Cottle won the Gilman Fall Thistle Championships at Coronado Yacht Club in Southern California with 16-18 knot winds. Cottle led the entire third race while other competitors battled for position changes.
Allen Cottle won the Gilman Fall Thistle Championships at Coronado Yacht Club, overcoming challenging wind conditions and competition from other top sailors through superior tactical sailing and boat handling.
Ralph Kelley of Sacramento Fleet 97 won the invitational at Folsom Lake on October 27-28. Three races in light winds typical of the lake, with Kelley demonstrating superior performance through all races against competitors from three fleets.
Ralph Kelley won the Folsom Lake Invitational hosted by Sacramento Thistle Fleet 97, with thirteen boats from three fleets competing. The regatta featured challenging conditions with wind strength changes affecting race tactics and outcomes.
Dick Sabin won the final invitational regatta at Palo Alto Yacht Club in November with moderate winds. Three races in triangular and windward-leeward courses showcased tactical sailing with position changes throughout each race.
Eddie Golden won the third annual Lake Lanier Invitational Regatta with a record fleet of 26 boats. Golden's performance as Commodore of the Lake Lanier Sailing Club did not hinder his sailing success as he led throughout the three-race series.
Eddie Golden led the 19 Thistles to record fleet at the third annual Lake Lanier Invitational Regatta. His responsibilities as Commodore of the Lake Lanier Sailing Club didn't hinder his quest for the Carling Trophy.
Gil Smith won the 1962 Western Regionals at Racoon Strait, San Francisco Bay. The article provides vivid descriptions of sailing conditions, including high wind challenges and tactical maneuvering. Smith sailed #809, with Dick Sabin placing second and Kelley and others rounding out top finishers.
Smith won the 1962 Western Regionals with exciting racing at San Francisco Bay over August 25-26. The article describes the dramatic three-race series with challenging conditions, dramatic finishes, and the involvement of Fleet 76 of Kameone Yacht Club and other West Coast competitors.
Report on the Christmas Regatta at Newport, California, which drew 20 Thistles and saw John Thorn (1044) win decisively. The race results table shows placings across five races with details on wind conditions and notable performances.
Extremely close competition characterized the 1963 Southern California District Championship in a 25-boat fleet. John Glazier won with only one-half point separating first place from defending champion John Cazier, demonstrating the high level of fleet performance.
The Southern California District Championship featured a close competition where Art Glasier and defending champion John Casier competed. Glasier ultimately won the championship, with the course starting at Newport Beach. Light winds characterized the racing.
Extremely close competition for first place characterized the 1963 Southern California District Championship. Defending Champion John Casler (293) was unable to win back-to-back titles, placing behind the new Champion Art Glasier (471). Only one-half point separated the new Champion from others who finished near the top in this closely contested event.
Mark Evans won the Annual Small Boat Regatta at Coronado Yacht Club in June, distinguishing himself among Thistles with victories in multiple race divisions.
Reports on the annual Mid-Winter Regatta at Los Angeles in February 1963, featuring 749 boats across 23 classes. Details race conditions, results, and notable performances in windy desert conditions.
Report on the annual Mid-Winter Regatta at Los Angeles, February 23-24, with record turnout of 749 boats and 44 Thistles competing across various courses and weather conditions.
Thistle Fleet #7 completed its third and most active season at Folsom Lake Yacht Club's Fall Regatta. R.S. Kelley Jr. won top honors for the second consecutive year despite challenging windless conditions on Saturday and variable breezy conditions on Sunday.
The Concho Yacht Club held its fifth Annual Labor Day Regatta at North Concho Lake, Texas with races involving winds and various conditions. The regatta featured multiple races and various participants from different locations.
Art Glasier won the Pacific Coast Championships at Huntington Lake on July 13 and 14, taking three firsts, a second, and a fifth place finish. The article describes the sailing conditions and race results from this Inter-District championship.
Report on the Western Inter-Districts Regatta at Huntington Lake with race results and standings. Art Glasier won with three firsts, a second, and a fifth to gain the victory, with detailed race-by-race results and skipper standings.
Report on the Richmond County Yacht Club Open Regatta won by George Hills with consistent results in varying winds. Details the three races held August 18 with discussion of tactical challenges.
Long races and close finishes marked the 1964 Southern California District Championships held at Alamitos Bay Yacht Club. Gene Allen won the District title with consistent sailing, defeating Art Clissier and other competitors. The article includes comprehensive race results and details about close finishes.
Report on the 1964 Southern California District Championships held at Alamitos Bay Yacht Club where Gene Allen won with consistent sailing, detailing race conditions and finishing positions.
On Folsom Lake, May 30 and 31, Ralph Kelley successfully maneuvered his crew for a clear First place showing to boat SCOOBEE DOO for a class FIRST for a Northern California group. The regatta was also a dramatic demonstration to California skippers of the advantages of new ultra flat spinnakers under marginal reaching conditions.
A detailed account of the 35th Southern California Yachting Association's Mid-Winter Regatta held February 22-23, featuring Thistles competing in three races with variable wind conditions from Los Angeles area. Bob Coors ultimately won the regatta, with various fleet members placing in different divisions throughout the competition.
Report on the Southern California Yachting Association's Mid-Winter Regatta held February 22-23 near Los Angeles. Bob Coors took first place with nine Thistles from two fleets competing in three races with mild temperatures and gentle winds.
Report on the 35th sailing of the Southern California Yachting Association's Mid-Winter Regatta in February, where temperatures in the mid-seventies and 8-10 knot winds kept numerous fleets moving well. Thistles from two fleets joined forces, producing close competition with three races held. Bob Coors trimmed his boat and won the first race from Wally Gerrie.
Report on the High Sierra Regatta at Lake Huntington, California, where Tom Beckham sailed an exceptional series in challenging mountain weather conditions.
Report on the High Sierra Regatta at Lake Huntington, California, where Tom Beckham won despite high altitude conditions and challenging weather.
Account of Ivy Liggett winning the Pacific Coast Championship at Serene Mountains, held high in the Sierra. Describes the challenging conditions and Liggett's strong performance against other top skippers.
Report of Ted Liggett's victory in the Pacific Coast Championship held at Pigeon Lake, detailing challenging sailing conditions and notable performances throughout the races.
A race report of the Early Gilman Trophy regatta at San Diego Bay where Tom Beckham (1689) secured first place in a clutch last-race victory against other top competitors, winning the prestigious trophy.
Ralph Kelley wins the Northern California District Championships for the second consecutive year. The regatta was held at Lake Millerton over two days with good breezes and challenging conditions. Kelley's consistent performance and skillful boat handling earned him the title.
Ralph Kelley wins the Northern California District Championships for the second consecutive year at Lake Millerton in May 1965. The article describes the regatta conditions and competition.
Report on the First Annual Regatta at Puddingstone Lake where Tom Riley demonstrated superior sailing ability in variable wind conditions with multiple fleet trophies awarded.
Account of the West Coast Championships held at Long Beach, California where Art Glacier swept the field with a decisive victory. Despite close competition and some controversial finishes, Glacier dominated the series and won the coveted West Coast championship trophy.
Report of the Pacific Northwest Districts Championship where Gene Trott (GEMINI 1070) won with consistent performance across the series held June 19 and 20 at Yale Lake, Washington. The article describes the ideal conditions and the beautiful setting of the championship.
A report on the annual Southern California Turkey Tussle regatta held November 20-21, featuring a gloomy, cold affair with low winds and challenging sea conditions. Andy Littlejohn emerged victorious, holding off strong competition from other top racers in a competitive field.
Race report of the Southern California Turkey Tussle regatta held in November 1965. Detailed account of offshore racing off the southwest coast with multiple competitors, highlighting Andy Littlejohn's winning performance and various wind and weather conditions encountered.
Race report on the Southern California Districts championship won by Dr. Bob Smith sailing SLEEPER (1470). Smith's boat series of 2-4-2-1 won the five-race series sailed at various California locations. The report includes detailed race descriptions and final results showing strong competition among district skippers.
Race report of the Southern California Mid-Winter Regatta where John Cazier (1933) won the championship against a competitive field, with analysis of his tactics and boat handling in varying wind and sea conditions.
Report on John Cazier's victory at the Southern California Yachting Association Mid-Winter Regatta, involving precise navigation, weather tactics, and strong competition from other skilled skippers.
Thistling in the Pacific Northwest District continued with increased quantity and quality of boats competing. Groshart took the 1966 championship after winning earlier key events.
Glasier took his fifth High Sierra regatta win after a competitor-frightening crew of co-owner Peter Barrett and One-of-a-Kind sailor San Miller. The annual event at Huntington Lake tested sailors on the High Sierra Range.
Report on Pacific Northwest District championships showing continued growth in boat quality and participation. Highlights include the Cannon Cup Regatta, Memorial Day Regatta at Eugene, and the PNW Districts at Yale Lake, Washington.
Olympic sailor Pete Barrett's successful defense of the Pacific Coast Championship title at the Williamette Thistle Fleet #118 regatta in Eugene, Oregon.
Report on the Pacific Coast Championship where Pete Barrett won with his solid 4-3-2 series. Coverage of racing conditions at Tern Reservoir in the Eugene area and individual race tactics.
Richard Brust describes the Pacific Northwest District Championship held June 24-25 at Yale Reservoir on the Lewis River, where Tom Peters won decisively with a 5-1-1 record followed by Groshart.
Report on the Pacific Northwest District Championship held at beautiful Yale Reservoir in June. Tom Peters won the event with a consistent series of finishes, overcoming challenges from competitors like Gosbart and Beckham.
A race report on the Northern California Thistle District Championships held at Clear Lake. Peter Nutting won the championship after a tightly contested series with other top skippers, taking the lead on the final leg and winning the regatta. The article details the racing conditions and finisher standings.
Report of the 1967 Northern California Thistle District Championship held at Clear Lake. Peter Nutting demonstrated exceptional skill in variable wind conditions to win the championship, with analysis of the tactical racing that unfolded during the three-race series.
Report of the Northern California District Championship at Millerton Lake, where Ralph Kelley regained the title he had previously held, with steady performance throughout.
Race report of Ralph Kelley's return to championship form at the Northern California Championship held at Millerton Lake, with Kelley outpacing competitors including Peter Nutting despite tight and competitive racing conditions.
Kelley reports on the Camellia Cup Regatta held in March 1968, where Peter Nutting's two-man form won despite challenging conditions. The article details the racing results with various boat finishes and includes a complete race results table.
Report on the 1968 Camellia Cup Regatta held in Hawaii with Thistles competing in light to moderate wind conditions. Peter Nutting skippered his boat to victory in a series marked by competitive racing and varied wind patterns.
Report on the Pacific Coast Thistle Championships held in Long Beach, California, won by Everett Ross, with commentary on wind conditions and competitive racing among West Coast fleets.
Report on the Pacific Coast Thistle Championships held at Long Beach, California. The article highlights the growing presence of Thistle sailing on the West Coast and describes the racing conditions and results from the championship event.
Report on the Pacific Northwest District championships where Dennis Clark demonstrated dominance through individual fleet activity, with reflections on competitive growth and the strength of the regional fleet.
Report on the Pacific Northwest District races where Dennis Clark demonstrated his racing prowess in winning the district championship. The article discusses Clark's expertise and the Thistle class activities in the Pacific Northwest region.
Report on Northern California Thistle races including the Santa Cruz Fall Invitational and Santa Cruz Y.C. Fleet 69 Fall Invitational. Multiple sailmakers' sails competed in light wind conditions.
Art Glasier (2342) and Pete Barrett won the Southern California District Championships off Newport Harbor, California in June 15 by sailing over a modified gold cup course with light winds and overcast skies.
Report of the Southern California Districts championship held over a modified gold cup course near Newport Harbor, California, where Artful Glasier decisively won with consistent sailing over Pete Barrett's crew.
Race results from the Southern California Districts regatta held at Newport Harbor, California.
Coverage of the St. Valentine's Day Massacre regatta held in Portland, Oregon by Fleet 125. The event served as a casual gathering for local Thistle sailors with a three-race series featuring light winds and Northeast course setup.
Report of the St. Valentine Day Massacre Regatta held February 15th in Portland, Oregon, featuring Thistle racing and performance analysis of top competitors.
Report of the SCAL District Championships at Long Beach won by Pat Allen and his team with analysis of race conditions and performances.
Detailed introduction to the 1969 Nationals host location at Fern Ridge Reservoir near Eugene, Oregon. Describes the Eugene Yacht Club facilities, the characteristics of the reservoir, wind patterns, and sailing conditions for the week-long championship event.
A detailed account of a tragic accident that occurred during the Northern California Districts race at Monterey on July 5, 1969, in which Jay Dormin, his wife Chris, and crew member Rich Nagy lost their lives.
Report on the Northern California Districts championship where a father-and-son team of college professors won multiple races.
Race report from the Pacific Coast Interdistircts Championship held at Huntington Lake on July 21-22 and 31, where Ralph Kelley won with strong competition among fleets.
Red Chevron feature on Southern California District Championship at Alamitos Bay, where Everett Ross defeated Art Glasier and others through strong tactics and boat handling.
A report on the Northern California Districts at Folsom Lake where Ralph Kelley demonstrates his luck and skill in handling variable light wind conditions, with multiple lead changes and close finishes. Includes detailed race descriptions and final standings.
A report on the Pacific Northwest Districts championship where Fuller Moore, a young architect instructor, demonstrated superior racing skills. The article highlights his tactical decisions and race management during the three-race series held at the University of Oregon.
A report on the Rocky Mountain Districts championship at Theobald, Colorado where Batten demonstrated superior light-air sailing skills. The article includes details of the altitude effects on sailing and final standings from this high-altitude venue.
Report on Mission Bay Invitational regatta at San Diego featuring Art Glasier's win and observations about the racing.
Race report from the Mission Bay Invitational in San Diego where Everett Ross won with strong performances. Details the race with multiple boats arriving at NBYC and the various winners across multiple races.
Report of Littlejohn's High Sierra Series victory at Huntington Lake, California, marking his retirement from competitive sailing after many years of racing.
Report of the Red Chevron regatta held in the Puget Sound District where Clark emerged victorious in competitive conditions with strong fleet participation.
A welcoming article for Thistle sailors attending the 1974 Nationals in San Diego. The author provides travel information, describes Southern California attractions, and highlights what makes San Diego an exciting destination for the regatta, covering geography, climate, and tourist attractions.
Detailed directions for driving to the Coronado Yacht Club in San Diego for the 1974 National Championship Regatta, including multiple route options and turn-by-turn instructions.
An invitational regatta scheduled for August 17-18, 1974, following the Nationals in San Diego.
Announcement of a post-Nationals regatta being held in Mission Bay, scheduled for August 17-18, 1974.
Account of the Southern California District Championship races held at various venues, with results and standings.
Detailed account of the P.N.W. District competition held at Lake Ceur d'Alene Sailing Club, covering the planning and execution of the races with extensive race results and final standings.
Report from San Diego Bay regatta hosted by Coronado Yacht Club where van't Reit and Templeton competed with varied tactics and conditions.
A regatta report about the San Diego Bay Thistle regatta won by Van't Reit, featuring details about wind conditions and tactical sailing with multiple race results.
A report on the Southern California District's trailing series for regattas, describing how Van't Riet and Skip Kempf finished one and two respectively in the Phoenix race portion, with standings showing winners across multiple events.
Coverage of the Southern California District's Suncoast Series results, where Bob van't Riet and Skip Kempf competed in a trailing series format.
A regatta report on the PN Districts where Wolfe beat a 45-boat fleet to become 1977 PN Champion. The report details intense competition and challenging wind conditions that made the regatta memorable.
Report of the Pacific Northwest District Championship regatta held at Tacoma Yacht Club, detailing Wolfe's victory and competitive conditions.
A regatta report on the Corinthian Yacht Club of Tacoma's annual Rainier One Design Regatta where Laura dominated the competition over two days of racing, with diverse fleets and impressive participation.
Report on Pacific Coast Inter-Districts regatta showing Marty Seelig winning overall with multiple first-place finishes, followed by Jim Moyer in second. Includes race results and analysis of competition during the event.
Report on the first Annual Desert Regatta held at Tri-Cities Yacht Club, Richland, Washington (May 13-15). Marty Seelig (#2973) won the event. The article describes the good sailing conditions and includes race results showing Seelig's dominant performance over various competitors.
Report on the first Annual Desert Regatta held at Tri-Cities, Washington on the Snake River, won by Marty Seelig in warm conditions.
Report on the Fourth Annual Harbortown Spring Regatta held at Calibogue Sound off Hilton Head, won by Mike Pinter.
Report on the Southern California District Championships held at Coronado Yacht Club in San Diego. Dave Ullman dominated with strong performances across all races. The article includes detailed race descriptions and final standings showing Ullman's commanding lead.
Report on Southern California District racing held at Coronado Yacht Club, won by Dave Ullman sailing a light and quick boat.
Report on the Tri Cities of Richland, Kennewick and Pasco regatta in Washington state, with Wondrack taking top honors.
A report on winter sailing conditions during a regatta at the Willamette Sailing Club in Portland, Oregon, where unusual weather conditions created exceptional sailing opportunities for Thistle racers.
A race report on the California District Championships where Peter Hale won decisively in both heavy and light air conditions at the Annapolis regatta, demonstrating versatile sailing skills.
A report on Dave Ullman's dominant performance at the Pacific Coast Championships, winning first place in multiple races and demonstrating superior boat handling and racing strategy.
Race report on the Cascade Mountain High regatta featuring Martin Seelig's victory despite challenging alpine lake conditions and unpredictable weather patterns.
Account of competitive California district racing held in the Potomac River, with detailed race reports featuring Peter Hale's strategic sailing and other competitors' performances.
Report on first shock of Junior Championships at Mission Bay Yacht Club in San Diego in July 1978. Randy Smith sailed to victory with consistent performance throughout the series.
Coverage of the CA Districts Championship where Peter Hale won with impressive performances, featuring detailed race-by-race narrative and final standings.
Report on the California Districts regatta held in the Highland Fling area, featuring Pete Hale and his impressive performance. The article includes race results, detailed race analysis, and notes on skipper performances and tactics throughout the weekend.
Bob Thomas reports on the Junior Championship held at Mission Bay Yacht Club in July 1978. Randy Smith won the regatta handily despite challenging conditions, with results listed and notes on competitor performances.
Detailed account of the Mission Bay International regatta where Skip Kempff dominated the competition with three first-place finishes in challenging conditions.
Race report from Mission Bay where Kempff won three consecutive races and maintained first place despite competition, with detailed sailing conditions and race results.
A race report on the Southern California District Championship won by Skip Kempff, describing challenging sailing conditions and race details.
Report of the Southern California District Championship won by Skip Kempff, featuring descriptions of sailing conditions and crew achievements, along with information about insurance and boat sales services.
Report of the Pacific Northwest Districts regatta won by Evert Slijper of Eugene, Oregon with details of competitive conditions and race results.
Detailed report from Pacific Northwest Districts regatta where Ever Slijper (3346) of Eugene, Oregon won first place in a three-race series featuring challenging wind conditions and close competition.
Comprehensive race report of the 1980 Nationals held in San Diego, covering all seven races where Dave Ullman achieved first and fourth place finishes while other notable skippers battled for position in favorable but challenging conditions.
Race report from the 1980 Thistle Nationals at Mission Bay Yacht Club in San Diego, won by Dave Ullman, featuring detailed accounts of all seven races and the dramatic finishes.
Northern California Districts championship held at Palo Alto featuring consistent sailing and good strategy by Barnes and Harlan competing in conditions ranging from light to moderate winds.
Southern California District championship held at Newport Beach where Skip Kempff demonstrated superior sailing to win the district title after the competition with a strong performance throughout.
Pacific Northwest Districts championship held at Pasco, Washington where Mount St. Helens eruption and weather challenges tested sailors' skills before Laura emerged victorious in the series.
Reports from Northern California, Southern California, and Pacific Northwest Thistle district competitions.
Report on the Hell's Canyon Invitational Regatta in Lewiston, Idaho where Harry Wingard dominated the racing.
Wade Hough reports on the Golden Feather Regatta held at Lake Oroville, California on May 19-20, where the Kerans won the event. Local conditions favored the Kerans' knowledge and experience. The competition was close between top finishers from the Lake Oroville Yacht Club.
Race report from the Southern California Midwinters event held in San Diego in February, where skipper Bruce Gosse dominated the competition with strong finishes.
Sherlock reports on the Pacific NW District's Memorial Day Regatta where local Thistle ace Evert Slijper and crew Fred Tatch and Ann Batey beat the field. The regatta drew nearly eight Thistles and other class boats from the 1969 Thistle Nationals. Slijper's consistent sailing and skill maintained a lead throughout the weekend's races.
Report on the Hell's Canyon Regatta held in July in Lewiston, featuring Thistle fleets from Tacoma, Tri-Cities, Portland and Seattle, with particularly challenging and varying wind conditions.
Report on the Folsom Lake Fall Regatta where Eddie Elliott led the Thistle fleet, with detailed accounts of race conditions and competitor performances in the challenging California waters.
Report on the Northern California Low Sierra Regatta held at Lake Kaweah with Bruce Gosse winning. The regatta featured typical spring conditions with light breezes and clear weather, with Gosse's team (Mike Gillum and Cindy Shoebotham) winning against strong competition from the NCAL and SCAL districts.
Report on the Camellia Cup Regatta held on March 30-31 at Folsom Lake where Dave Keran won in light, variable conditions. The regatta marked the traditional opening of the spring sailing season in Northern California, featuring close racing and challenging weather.
Comprehensive regatta reports covering multiple events: High Sierra Regatta in Northern California, Hells Canyon Regatta in Idaho, Huntington Lake Northern California event, and Michiana Championship Regatta, with race results and event summaries.
Report on the Pacific Coast Championships held at Huntington Lake where Bruce Gosse won with scores of 11, 3/4, 3, 2, 4, with Dave Keran second and Dean Iwahaski third in a competitive fleet of 25 boats.
Race report from the Seattle Rendezvous 1987 regatta held at Fort Worden near Port Townsend, featuring strong winds and challenging conditions. Millen won with consistent early finishes while Tucker's boat had difficulty after strong starts, and Slattery also performed well.
Report on the NCAL District Fleet Challenge competition held at San Luis Reservoir in October, where teams from different Northern California fleets competed. The hosting Monterey Bay Fleet #67 had the best turnout percentage, and San Jose Sailing Club managed the event successfully despite light winds.
Report on the NCAL District Roadrunner Event at Clear Lake, California in June 1987, with wind conditions and race results.
Report on the Pacific Northwest District Regatta held in June at Central Ferry on the Snake River, including descriptions of racing conditions, course layout, and detailed race results.
Report on the Seattle Fleet #61 Annual Regatta held June 11-12, 1988 at Bellingham Bay with 25 Thistles, describing excellent weather conditions, close racing, and notable performances by several skippers.
Millen describes the Tacoma Regatta held on August 19-20 at Riffe Lake with 26 crews racing across five good races. The regatta featured the first "A" and "B" fleet concept and a fleet dinner with friendly camaraderie.
Cochrane reports on the Pacific Coast Championship held in San Diego Bay on July 22-23, which featured competitive racing in light to moderate winds with Mikey Gillum earning first place, followed by close competition from other top skippers.
Announcement of the 1991 Pacific Coast Interdistrict Championships scheduled for July 18-19, 1991 at Huntington Lake, California. Includes information about accommodations, registration, and details about the sailing venue.
Report on the Long Beach Labor Day Regatta hosted by Alamitos Bay Yacht Club where ABYC hosts six major one-design regattas annually. The regatta featured varied racing conditions and multiple Thistles from across California.
Information about the North American Ski-Sailing Championships taking place in Montana in April and at Flathead Lake in April, combining ski racing and sailing in a unique dual-sport event.
An ex-Whistler retired to the Pacific Northwest provides suggestions for Thistlers planning to attend the 1993 Nationals at Oak Harbor. The article describes attractions in the Whidbey Island area, including South Whidbey, Deception Pass State Park, and nearby cruising and vacation opportunities.
Malmgren addresses skepticism about attending the 1993 Nationals in Oak Harbor, Washington. He encourages Eastern Thistlers by highlighting the beauty of the Pacific Northwest, the quality of the regatta venue, and the unique opportunity to visit Seattle and surrounding areas.
Schirmer reports on the Seattle Thistle Fleet 61 Regatta held at Oak Harbor in June, the site of the 1993 Nationals. She describes the racing conditions, top finishers, and encourages Thistlers to experience the venue and sailing conditions.
Report on the 1993 Pacific Coast Championships where Dane Winchester and his crew won with consistent sailing. Details several top finishers and mentions that the results are a trial run for the upcoming Thistle Nationals.
Dhruva reports on the District Championships held in open Pacific waters, where Fred Nagel won the regatta with strong performances across all races, and welcomes new sailors including George Samuels to the District.
Bill Navarre reports on the 1994 NCAL District Championships held at Lake Almanor, California, where multiple races were completed in challenging mountain lake conditions with Kris Vogelsong and crew taking top honors.
Paul Reeder reports on the 1994 Pacific Northwest Districts Regatta hosted by Thistle Fleet #168 and the Columbia Basin Sailing Club, describing challenging weather conditions and competitive racing over multiple days.
The 1994 Camellia Cup at Folsom Lake was a competitive regatta with Dean Iwahashi taking first place. Warm conditions and tricky wind marks challenged the fleet, with several races producing close finishes and providing excellent sailing opportunities for participants.
Report on Pacific Coast Inter-districts held at Huntington Lake, California, noting Dean Iwahashi's consistent performance and victory in the regatta.
Report on the Seattle Fleet Rendezvous regatta held at Oak Harbor Yacht Club with race results and historical context about the event.
Account of the first annual Larry Klein Memorial Regatta hosted by Mission Bay Yacht Club as a match racing event to honor the late Thistle sailor. Describes exciting racing conditions and the emotional tribute to Klein.
Report of the first annual Lake Washington Sailing Club Sea & Ski Regatta, held at Sacramento, California, combining skiing and sailing competition with detailed results.
Report of the 1994 Pacific Northwest Districts regatta held at Charbonneau Park, with race results, weather details, and commentary on the competition.
Humorous account of the Turkey Shoot regatta on Lake Washington, describing unusual weather shifts, challenges on the water, and commentary on Wade Behling's strong performance in the championship division.
Report on the 1995 Northern California District Championship with 8 boats competing. Dean Iwahashi won the championship with consistent performance, with crew Nancy Lee and Keith Tootle assisting.
Regatta report from Seattle-Tacoma Thistle sailors who gathered at John Wayne Marina in July for Sequim Bay races. Details competitive sailing and social interactions among sailors from different regions.
Chris Gedrose won the High Sierra Regatta in California, ending a 10-year drought. The race featured three days of competition with varied wind conditions and close competition.
Report on the Pacific Coast Championships held in San Diego Bay. Defending champion Dean Iwahashi found his way around and won again. Fred Nagel provides race analysis and notes the competitive sailing throughout the regatta.
Report of Northern California District regatta at Folsom Lake where Mike Gillum won over Craig Lee, with detailed race descriptions and final standings.
Report of the Southern California District Championships held at Big Bear Lake, featuring dominating performances by the Nagel team and excellent racing conditions.
Report of PCC (Pacific Coast Championships) held on San Diego area with ideal conditions and Winchester taking first place.
Report of Eugene YC Memorial Day Regatta at Fern Ridge Lake featuring Thistle racing from Seattle to San Jose and detailed race results.
Dane Winchester covers the Portland Fleet Traveling Regatta at Vale Lake in Vancouver, Washington, where Ken Tucker's consistent performance earned first place.
Announcement and registration information for the 1997 Pacific Coast Championship regatta at Coronado Yacht Club in San Diego, July 26-27.
Report on the Mission Bay Yacht Club Invitational in January with results showing top finishers in challenging sailing conditions. The article celebrates competitive racing among skilled sailors and describes the event's atmosphere with technical details about race conditions and performances.
Chris Gedrose reports on the Memorial Day Regatta at Alamitos Bay Yacht Club in California, which featured six races over Memorial Day weekend in light to moderate breezes. Ron Smith won overall with consistent performance throughout the weekend.
Dale Hinman reports on the Northern California District Championships held June 12-13 at Lake Almanar, hosted by Fleet 97. Twelve boats competed in variable wind conditions with Mike Gillum winning first place and organizing race chair leading to a successful event.
A report on the 1998 Pacific Northwest Districts regatta held at Yale Reservoir in Cougar, Washington, featuring eighty degree temperatures and diverse fleet of competitive boats. The article includes details on race conditions and winners.
Report of the Seattle Rendezvous regatta held in the Pacific Northwest, describing close racing competition between Balsiger, Tucker, and Lettenmaier with variable wind conditions and strategic tactical decisions determining the outcomes of multiple races.
Larry Hanson reports on the 1999 Pacific Northwest Districts held over the Fourth of July weekend at Flathead Lake, describing the challenging conditions and race operations that tested the fleet.
Report on the PNW District Championships held June 3-4 in Seattle with 22 boats. Dane Winchester dominated the regatta with five wins across six races. Other winners included Evert Slijper for the Larry Hanson trophy and Doug Stumberger as novice champion.
Report on the Pacific Coast Championships held over Memorial Day weekend at Alamitos Bay Yacht Club in Long Beach, California with 18 Thistles competing for the Althaus Perpetual Trophy. Mike Gillum won the series, with Dane Winchester second and Chris Gedrose third. Detailed description of six-race championship competition.
Report on the Sequim Bay Regatta hosted by Tacoma Fleet 115 on July 10-11, 1999, with 11 Northwest Thistles competing. Ideal conditions with 10-knot sea breeze and flat water produced excellent racing. Ken Tucker won the regatta, edging out defending champion Terry Lettenmaier on a tiebreaker.
Twenty-five Thistles from the Pacific Northwest attended the Sequim Bay Regatta on August 19-20. Terry Lettenmaier and wife Laurie Weitkamp won the eight-race series sailing double-handed, with the Winchesters in second and Gerry Gilbert in third. Several double-handed crews had an edge in the light air and flat water conditions.
Chris Gedrose won the 47th running of the High Sierra Regatta at 7000-foot Huntington Lake, CA on July 15-16. This was Gedrose's second victory at the event. The competition was close with a match-race situation between Gedrose and Dean Iwahashi in the third race.
Eleven Thistles competed in the Northern California Districts on June 24-25 at 7200-foot elevation Huntington Lake, held jointly with Hobie Fleet 62's Commodore's Regatta. Ron Smith won the series sailing cleanly and consistently, with Dean Iwahashi in second and Mike Gillum in third. Only four races were completed due to thunderstorm threat.
Samuels reports on the San Diego Mission Bay Fall Thistle Invitational held in November. Will Cummings won a competitive series against Don Sondys and Dean Iwahashi. The article discusses centerboard trim strategies and the author's experience taking delivery of a new boat from builder Doug Laber.
Balough and Lettenmaier report on the 1999 Pacific Coast Championships held at Eugene Yacht Club in a unique Friday-Saturday format. Dane Winchester dominated the final races to win the championship and the perpetual trophy, with Terry Lettenmaier finishing second and Wayne Balsiger third.
Winchester provides a detailed account of the Larry Klein Memorial Regatta match racing series held in San Diego, featuring exciting competitive racing among the top eight qualifiers with multiple lead changes and tactical battles.
Report on the Pacific Northwest District Championship held in June at Sequim Bay with 19 boats. Joe Burcar, sailing with a new boat (3959), won the regatta with consistent finishes including three races in light shifty conditions.
Report on the Pacific Coast Championships held at Richmond Yacht Club in San Francisco Bay in July with 16 skippers. Terry Lettenmaier won with consistent performance in five challenging races featuring strong and variable winds.
Race report from the Kayaderosseras Cup East Coast Fall Series event held August 26-27 at Saratoga Lake Sailing Club. Nineteen boats participated in five well-run races, with Chris Murphy winning the series, followed by Eric Gesner and John Baker. The report includes race-by-race details and concludes with complete results.
The Seattle Fleet Regatta was held on Puget Sound as the first race in the 2001 Pacific Northwest District circuit. Fourteen Thistles competed in challenging conditions with shifting winds. Terry Lettenmaier won the series with Pat Schirmer in second and Dane Winchester in third.
A reprint from the May-June 1969 Bagpipe describing wind patterns and sailing conditions at Fern Ridge Reservoir in Oregon, the site of the 2002 Nationals. The article explains typical summer wind patterns and special conditions sailors should expect.
The Portland Traveling Regatta at Yale Lake featured unusually shifty and fluky wind conditions, with 23 boats competing. Dane Winchester won the overall series with impressive consistency on Sunday, while Terry Lettenmaier won Saturday's races but couldn't maintain the lead.
Report on the 2003 Larry Klein Memorial Regatta featuring fleet races followed by match racing. Skip Dieball's team won the championship in exciting competition with light wind conditions on Mission Bay.
Report on the Larry Klein Memorial match racing regatta at Mission Bay Yacht Club. Skip Dieball's team won the championship, highlighting the excitement of match racing and the importance of boat handling in tight conditions.
Mike Rees provides a detailed account of the Yale Lake Regatta on July 17-18, 2004, held in Portland, Oregon near Mount St. Helens. Terry Lettenmaier and Frank Flannery dominated the fleet of 20 Thistles, with Lettenmaier taking first and Flannery second, while Dan Winchester secured third. The report includes descriptions of the challenging local wind patterns, competitive starts, and social activities, culminating in the regatta in the scenic canyon setting.
Doug Stumberger reports on the 2004 Pacific Northwest Thistle District Championships held June 19-20 at Corinthian Yacht Club Seattle. Jack, Ann, and Peter Christiansen won overall with sail #3770, with Joe Burcar second, Frank Flannery third, and Dane Winchester fourth. The regatta featured nineteen boats from Seattle, Tacoma, Portland, and Eugene fleets, challenging conditions on flood tide Saturday with four races completed, and no racing Sunday due to lack of wind.
Twelve Thistles competed in the Pacific Coast Championships and High Sierra Regatta at Huntington Lake, California, with excellent sailing conditions in scenic surroundings. Dave Keran won the PCCs while Mike Gillum won the High Sierra Regatta.
Dane Winchester won his fourth Pacific Coast Championship at Yale Lake, Washington on July 16-17. Despite winning no individual races, his consistency secured first place. Terry Lettenmaier won four races but was hindered by a single poor result. Eighteen boats competed in seven races.
Results of the Pacific Northwest Districts regatta at Flathead Lake, Montana with winners listed by placement.
Report on the second annual Solstice Regatta at Corinthian Yacht Club of Seattle on June 11-12, with seven Thistles competing on the waters of Puget Sound in breezy conditions followed by lighter Sunday sailing.
Report on the Sequim Regatta in Sequim Bay, Washington hosted by Tacoma Fleet 115. The event featured excellent racing conditions with short windward-leeward courses. Pat Schirmer won the regatta with consistent finishes, followed by Wayne Balsiger and Dwaine Trummert. The event included camping and a barbeque with fresh Dungeness crab.
Report on the SCYA midwinter regatta at Newport Harbor Yacht Club with three Thistle boats competing in light to medium winds. Pete Troin won with Team Mason in second and Bob Bevan in third. The event was followed by relaxation and sailing, with appreciation expressed to Newport Harbour Yacht Club and SCYA for supporting Thistle racing.
Thirteen Thistle crews sailed at the High Sierra Regatta on Huntington Lake, California July 14-16 at 7,200 feet elevation. Mike Gillum won the regatta by one point over Dave Keran with Chris Gedrose in third place.
Wayne Balsiger, TCA Pacific Coast regional vice president, has won the Pacific Northwest district trophy for the second consecutive year. The trophy is based on participation and finishing position across five regattas during 2005-2006.
Frank Flannery won the 2006 Pacific Northwest District Championship held in July at Sequim, Washington with six races on Saturday and Sunday. Ted Sumner and Michael Rees finished second, and Kerry Nielan third. The report includes detailed race narratives and descriptions of the thermal sea breeze pattern.
Race results from the Pacific Coast Championship regatta featuring six races, with Skip Kempff (#1347) taking first place with 11 points.
Race report from the Desert Regatta on the Snake River in Pasco, Washington, featuring seven boats competing over five races in strong, variable winds with detailed descriptions of individual boat performances and weather conditions.
Report from the Southern California Districts held at Lake Pleasant, Arizona with 13 boats. Skip Kempff won the championship, with Mike Polterak and Dave Bloomburg tied for second. The article describes the changeable wind conditions and the eventual cancellation of Sunday races due to high winds.
Detailed report on the Pacific Coast Championships at Huntington Lake with 15 Thistles competing over 6 races, and High Sierra Regatta with 3 races, featuring descriptions of challenging lake conditions, competitive racing, and social events.
Race results table from the 2007 Pacific Coast Championships (6 races) and High Sierra Regatta (3 races) with 15 competitors, Ron Smith #1285 winning the PCC and High Sierra Regatta.
Report on the Sunkist Series held at Balboa Yacht Club featuring two monthly races from November to February with light air harbor racing and strong Southern California participation.
The NCAL (Northern California) District Championships held March 31 - April 1 at Richmond Yacht Club featured Saturday buoy races and a Sunday pursuit race, with Mike Gillum winning overall despite the small six-boat fleet.
Evert Slipfer dominated the 2008 Pacific Northwest District Championship at Fern Ridge Reservoir in Oregon with four firsts and a second place finish. Despite unseasonable southerly winds and an overnight storm, the race committee successfully ran five races. The fleet experienced dramatic wind shifts throughout the weekend, with Slipfer's local knowledge and excellent boat handling proving decisive.
Race results from the Alamitos Bay Yacht Club SCAL Thistle District 2008 championship. Seven races were sailed with Stu Robertson winning first place.
Eleven northwest Thistles competed in the inaugural Seattle NOOD (National Offshore One-Design) Regatta on May 16-18. After weeks of cold, rainy weather, the event featured warm May sunshine and steady, moderate southerly winds. Gretchen Kaiser won overall with 22 points after the discard.
The 2008 Pacific Northwest District Championship at Fern Ridge Reservoir near Eugene, Oregon on June 28-29 was won by local expert Evert Slipfer. The lake was the site of Nationals in 1969, 2002 and 2007. Light southerly winds required windward-leeward courses throughout the weekend.
Report of the Alamitos Bay Yacht Club Labor Day Regatta in which Ron Smith (former TCA President) won all seven races decisively. Report includes summary of major ABYC Thistle events and encouragement for West Coast participation.
The San Diego Area Thistle Fleet #13 Invitational Regatta brought together 11 teams for a weekend of racing combining open ocean windward-leeward courses and tight bay sailing. Saturday's four races featured light 4-7 knot winds with flat swell, while Sunday's three bay races saw stronger 8-11 knot winds that challenged the lighter crews. Kirsten Cummings and Jane Engleman dominated the competition to win overall, with Dave and Era Bloomberg in second and Mike Poltorak and Amy Cook in third.
Report on the NCAL (Northern California) Thistle District Championships held June 6-7 at Scotts Flat Lake near Nevada City. The event featured challenging wind conditions including holes and gusts, with Gillum's team securing victory through consistent sailing and tactical awareness.
Report on 2009 PNW Districts held at North Flathead Yacht Club in Montana in July. Wayne Balsiger won the championship with crew Karen Gilbert and Michael Reis. Five races were sailed in moderate to light air with praise for the venue and hosting.
Dave Bloomberg won the 2010 Southern California Thistle Districts with crew Ev Meade and Sam Ingham at Mission Bay Yacht Club. Eight boats from Arizona, LA, and San Diego competed in ocean conditions with seaweed challenges. Bloomberg was notably sailing with Sam Ingham, son of Mike Ingham and a Coast Guard Academy student.
Report on the Late Days Regatta in Seattle, WA, which served as the Pacific Northwest District Championship. Susannah Carr dominated with strong performance in the final three races to win the championship, while Chris Gedrose and longtime crew Moni Lampe won the Larry Hanson Family Trophy for the fifth time.
Report on the 2011 Pacific Coast Championship held July 23-24 at Eugene Yacht Club in Oregon with 22 boats from Washington, Oregon, California, and Nevada competing. Team Gillum won the championship with #1010, while Team O'Bryan finished third with #2069. The article includes a fascinating history of boat #2069, including its tragic past and current restoration.
The Pacific Coast Championship held at Eugene Yacht Club, May 27-28, 2017, featured six races in lighter than normal winds. Wayne Balsiger won the overall championship with strong boat speed, followed by Dave Sexton in second place and Chip Balough in third.
Match racing report from the Larry Klein Memorial Regatta held on Super Bowl Sunday at Mission Bay, featuring elimination races to determine finalists and competitive match racing with on-the-water judges. Samuel Ingham won the championship.
November 3, 2018 at Lake Washington Sailing Club in West Sacramento, California. Seven Thistles competed. Mike Gillum won with tight competition from Sam Ingham. Light and shifting wind conditions from 3-8 mph.
Report on the Camellia Cup regatta held at Folsom Lake, California in April 2021. Six Thistles from Lake Washington Sailing Club raced despite low water levels and challenging wind conditions, with Steven Hale ultimately winning the regatta by one point over Dan Clark.
A comprehensive report on the Pacific Northwest District Championship held August 6-7, 2022 at North Flathead Yacht Club in Montana. Eleven boats competed in challenging conditions with building morning northerly breezes and shifting afternoon thermals. Darrell Peck won decisively, with Wayne Pignolet and Terry Lettenmaier placing second and third.
Report on the Pacific Northwest Thistle District Championships held June 17-18, 2023, at Vancouver Lake Sailing Club. Jacob Posner won the districts championship and family trophy in varied wind conditions following a Friday clinic led by five-time Nationals Champion Greg Fisher.
Event report on the 2022 Thistle Pacific Coast Championship at Ventura Yacht Club. Stan Smith, Event Chair, describes the racing in light Friday conditions and building breeze on Sunday, the Oktoberfest dinner, and thanks sponsors and traveling sailors.
Feature report of 2023 Pacific Coast Championship held September 22-24 at Ventura Yacht Club in California. Team Rush Job with Oliver Kunz and Emily Tan dominated with fast downwind sailing conditions. The event featured excellent camaraderie among competitors from multiple western states.
Terry Lettenmaier and Wayne Balsiger report on Portland Fleet's inaugural Tom Beckham Memorial Regatta at Cathlamet, Washington on July 13-14, 2024. Seven competitive Thistles raced in excellent winds with tight racing throughout. Darrel Peck with Lori Daily won after 11 races, followed by Grant Gridley's team in second.
Report on the Pacific Northwest Districts held May 24-25 at Eugene Yacht Club. Early season conditions were challenging with light, patchy winds on Saturday and better conditions on Sunday. Darrell Peck won with consistent light wind performance. The venue offered excellent hospitality and camping.
The 2024 Pacific Coast Championships were held in Stockton, California, on an unusual venue—the San Joaquin River—with tight racing over seven Saturday races. Ollie Kunz, Quanah Green, and Emily Tan won the championship, narrowly edging Darrel Peck and Lori Daily. Sunday racing was cancelled due to gusty southwesterly winds.
Laurie Weitkamp recounts the Tom Beckham Memorial/Pacific Coast Championship regatta at Cathlamet, Washington on July 12-13, with 11 boats racing in challenging conditions including strong currents and gusty winds, won by Grant Gridley with solid competition from defending champ Ollie Kunz and Team Lettenmaier.
An informative guide to the weather patterns and wind conditions sailors can expect at the 2026 Nationals in Eugene, Oregon at Fern Ridge Reservoir. The article explains summer thermal wind patterns, the role of high pressure systems, and expected chop conditions. It also notes the magnetic declination differences from GPS and advises on what to bring.
A travel guide encouraging Nationals participants to explore Oregon's attractions beyond sailing. The article highlights Portland's cultural attractions, the Willamette Valley wine region, natural landmarks like Crater Lake and the Oregon Coast, and outdoor activities including kayaking, river rafting, mountain biking, and bird watching. It also recommends local cuisine and suggests that families extend their stay to enjoy Oregon's diverse landscapes.